Luna/luna/Format.h

#pragma once
#include <CType.h>
#include <Types.h>
#include <stdarg.h>

typedef int (*callback_t)(char, void*);

#ifdef _LUNA_IMPLEMENTATION
#include <NumberParsing.h>

extern "C" usize strlen(const char*);

typedef usize flags_t;
#define FLAG_ZERO_PAD 1 << 0
#define FLAG_LEFT_ALIGN 1 << 1
#define FLAG_BLANK_SIGNED 1 << 2
#define FLAG_ALTERNATE 1 << 3
#define FLAG_SIGN 1 << 4
#define FLAG_USE_PRECISION 1 << 5
#define FLAG_LONG 1 << 6
#define FLAG_LONG_LONG 1 << 7
#define FLAG_SHORT 1 << 8
#define FLAG_CHAR 1 << 9

struct format_state
{
    usize count;
    callback_t callback;
    void* arg;
};

struct conv_state
{
    flags_t flags;
    usize width;
    usize precision;
};

static inline int cstyle_format_putchar(char c, format_state& state)
{
    state.count++;
    return state.callback(c, state.arg);
}

static inline int cstyle_format_puts(const char* s, format_state& state)
{
    while (*s)
    {
        if (cstyle_format_putchar(*s, state)) return -1;
        s++;
    }

    return 0;
}

#define TRY_PUTCHAR(c, state)                                                                                          \
    if (cstyle_format_putchar(c, state)) return -1;

#define TRY_PUTS(s, state)                                                                                             \
    if (cstyle_format_puts(s, state)) return -1;

static int start_pad(const conv_state& vstate, format_state& state, usize start)
{
    if (!(vstate.flags & FLAG_LEFT_ALIGN))
    {
        while (start++ < vstate.width) TRY_PUTCHAR(' ', state);
    }

    return 0;
}

#define TRY_START_PAD(vstate, state, start)                                                                            \
    if (start_pad(vstate, state, start)) return -1;

static int end_pad(const conv_state& vstate, format_state& state, usize start)
{
    if (vstate.flags & FLAG_LEFT_ALIGN)
    {
        while (start++ < vstate.width) TRY_PUTCHAR(' ', state);
    }

    return 0;
}

#define TRY_END_PAD(vstate, state, start)                                                                              \
    if (end_pad(vstate, state, start)) return -1;

static flags_t parse_flags(const char** format)
{
    flags_t result = 0;

    while (true)
    {
        switch (**format)
        {
        case '#':
            result |= FLAG_ALTERNATE;
            (*format)++;
            break;
        case '0':
            result |= FLAG_ZERO_PAD;
            (*format)++;
            break;
        case ' ':
            result |= FLAG_BLANK_SIGNED;
            (*format)++;
            break;
        case '-':
            result |= FLAG_LEFT_ALIGN;
            (*format)++;
            break;
        case '+':
            result |= FLAG_SIGN;
            (*format)++;
            break;
        default: return result;
        }
    }
}

static usize parse_width(const char** format, flags_t& flags, va_list ap)
{
    usize result = 0;

    if (_isdigit(**format)) result = _atou(format);
    else if (**format == '*')
    {
        const int width = va_arg(ap, int);
        if (width >= 0) result = (usize)width;
        else
        {
            flags |= FLAG_LEFT_ALIGN;
            result = (usize)-width;
        }
    }

    return result;
}

static usize parse_precision(const char** format, flags_t& flags, va_list ap)
{
    usize result = 0;

    if (**format == '.')
    {
        (*format)++;

        flags |= FLAG_USE_PRECISION;

        if (_isdigit(**format)) result = _atou(format);
        else if (**format == '*')
        {
            const int precision = va_arg(ap, int);
            if (precision >= 0) result = (usize)precision;
            else
                result = 0;
        }
    }

    return result;
}

static void parse_length(const char** format, flags_t& flags)
{
    // FIXME: Support %j (intmax_t/uintmax_t)
    switch (**format)
    {
    case 'h':
        flags |= FLAG_SHORT;
        (*format)++;
        if (**format == 'h')
        {
            flags |= FLAG_CHAR;
            (*format)++;
        }
        break;
    case 'l':
        flags |= FLAG_LONG;
        (*format)++;
        if (**format == 'l')
        {
            flags |= FLAG_LONG_LONG;
            (*format)++;
        }
        break;
    case 't':
        flags |= (sizeof(ptrdiff_t) == sizeof(long)) ? FLAG_LONG : FLAG_LONG_LONG;
        (*format)++;
        break;
    case 'z':
        flags |= (sizeof(size_t) == sizeof(long)) ? FLAG_LONG : FLAG_LONG_LONG;
        (*format)++;
        break;
    default: break;
    }
}

static bool is_integer_format_specifier(char c)
{
    return (c == 'd') || (c == 'i') || (c == 'u') || (c == 'x') || (c == 'X') || (c == 'o') || (c == 'b');
}

template <typename T> static usize to_string(T value, T base, char* buf, usize max, bool uppercase)
{
    usize i = 0;
    if (!value && max)
    {
        buf[i] = '0';
        return 1;
    }
    do {
        int digit = (int)(value % base);
        char c = (char)(digit < 10 ? '0' + digit : ((uppercase ? 'A' : 'a') + (digit - 10)));
        buf[i++] = c;
        value /= base;
    } while (value && i < max);
    return i;
}

static int output_integer(char specifier, const conv_state& vstate, format_state& state, va_list ap)
{
    usize base = 10;
    bool is_signed = false;
    bool uppercase = false;
    bool negative = false;

    if (specifier == 'd' || specifier == 'i') is_signed = true;
    switch (specifier)
    {
    case 'x':
    case 'X': base = 16; break;
    case 'o': base = 8; break;
    case 'b': base = 2; break;
    default: break;
    }
    if (specifier == 'X') uppercase = true;

    char buf[1024];
    usize buflen;
    if (vstate.flags & FLAG_CHAR)
    {
        if (is_signed)
        {
            char v = (char)va_arg(ap, int);
            if (v < 0)
            {
                v = -v;
                negative = true;
            }
            buflen = to_string(v, (char)base, buf, sizeof(buf), uppercase);
        }
        else
        {
            unsigned char v = (unsigned char)va_arg(ap, unsigned int);
            buflen = to_string(v, (unsigned char)base, buf, sizeof(buf), uppercase);
        }
    }
    else if (vstate.flags & FLAG_SHORT)
    {
        if (is_signed)
        {
            short v = (short)va_arg(ap, int);
            if (v < 0)
            {
                v = -v;
                negative = true;
            }
            buflen = to_string(v, (short)base, buf, sizeof(buf), uppercase);
        }
        else
        {
            unsigned short v = (unsigned short)va_arg(ap, unsigned int);
            buflen = to_string(v, (unsigned short)base, buf, sizeof(buf), uppercase);
        }
    }
    else if (vstate.flags & FLAG_LONG_LONG)
    {
        if (is_signed)
        {
            long long v = va_arg(ap, long long);
            if (v < 0)
            {
                v = -v;
                negative = true;
            }
            buflen = to_string(v, (long long)base, buf, sizeof(buf), uppercase);
        }
        else
        {
            unsigned long long v = va_arg(ap, unsigned long long);
            buflen = to_string(v, (unsigned long long)base, buf, sizeof(buf), uppercase);
        }
    }
    else if (vstate.flags & FLAG_LONG)
    {
        if (is_signed)
        {
            long v = va_arg(ap, long);
            if (v < 0)
            {
                v = -v;
                negative = true;
            }
            buflen = to_string(v, (long)base, buf, sizeof(buf), uppercase);
        }
        else
        {
            unsigned long v = va_arg(ap, unsigned long);
            buflen = to_string(v, (unsigned long)base, buf, sizeof(buf), uppercase);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        if (is_signed)
        {
            int v = va_arg(ap, int);
            if (v < 0)
            {
                v = -v;
                negative = true;
            }
            buflen = to_string(v, (int)base, buf, sizeof(buf), uppercase);
        }
        else
        {
            unsigned int v = va_arg(ap, unsigned int);
            buflen = to_string(v, (unsigned int)base, buf, sizeof(buf), uppercase);
        }
    }

    // FIXME: Start padding and alternate forms.

    if (buflen < sizeof(buf))
    {
        if (negative) buf[buflen++] = '-';
        else if (vstate.flags & FLAG_SIGN)
            buf[buflen++] = '+';
        else if (vstate.flags & FLAG_BLANK_SIGNED)
            buf[buflen++] = ' ';
    }

    usize i = buflen;

    while (i--) TRY_PUTCHAR(buf[i], state);

    TRY_END_PAD(vstate, state, buflen);

    return 0;
}

#endif

isize cstyle_format(const char* format, callback_t callback, void* arg, va_list ap)
#ifdef _LUNA_IMPLEMENTATION
{
    format_state state;
    state.callback = callback;
    state.arg = arg;
    state.count = 0;

    while (*format)
    {
        if (*format != '%')
        {
            TRY_PUTCHAR(*format, state);
            format++;
            continue;
        }

        format++;

        // %[flags][width][.precision][length]conversion

        flags_t flags = parse_flags(&format);
        usize width = parse_width(&format, flags, ap);
        usize precision = parse_precision(&format, flags, ap);
        parse_length(&format, flags);

        conv_state vstate = {flags, width, precision};

        char specifier = *format;
        format++;

        if (is_integer_format_specifier(specifier))
        {
            if (output_integer(specifier, vstate, state, ap)) return -1;
        }
        else if (specifier == 'c')
        {
            const char c = (char)va_arg(ap, int);

            TRY_START_PAD(vstate, state, 1);
            TRY_PUTCHAR(c, state);
            TRY_END_PAD(vstate, state, 1);

            continue;
        }
        else if (specifier == 's')
        {
            const char* str = va_arg(ap, const char*);
            if (str == nullptr)
            {
                TRY_START_PAD(vstate, state, 6);
                TRY_PUTS("(null)", state);
                TRY_END_PAD(vstate, state, 6);
                continue;
            }
            else
            {
                usize len = strlen(str);

                bool use_precision = (flags & FLAG_USE_PRECISION);
                if (use_precision && len > precision) len = precision;

                TRY_START_PAD(vstate, state, len);
                while (*str && (!use_precision || precision))
                {
                    TRY_PUTCHAR(*str, state);
                    precision--;
                    str++;
                }
                TRY_END_PAD(vstate, state, len);
                continue;
            }
        }
        else { continue; }
    }

    return (isize)state.count;
}
#else
    ;
#endif