diff --git a/apps/2048.cpp b/apps/2048.cpp
index 039981f0..f4f6ca7e 100644
--- a/apps/2048.cpp
+++ b/apps/2048.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,16 @@ struct Tile
 class GameWidget final : public ui::Widget
 {
   public:
+    GameWidget(ui::Window* window, ui::Widget* parent) : ui::Widget(window, parent)
+    {
+    }
+
+    void show_tree(int indent) override
+    {
+        os::println("%*s- 2048 GameWidget (%d,%d,%d,%d)", indent, "", m_rect.pos.x, m_rect.pos.y, m_rect.width,
+                    m_rect.height);
+    }
+
     static constexpr int MARGIN = 5;
 
     Result<void> draw(ui::Canvas& canvas) override
@@ -356,9 +366,8 @@ Result<int> luna_main(int, char**)
     window->set_background(ui::BLACK);
     window->set_title("2048");
 
-    GameWidget game;
-    window->set_main_widget(game);
-    game.reset();
+    auto* game = TRY(window->create_main_widget<GameWidget>());
+    game->reset();
 
     return app.run();
 }
diff --git a/apps/about.cpp b/apps/about.cpp
index c2e2a06e..7580e503 100644
--- a/apps/about.cpp
+++ b/apps/about.cpp
@@ -21,27 +21,26 @@ Result<int> luna_main(int, char**)
     utsname info;
     uname(&info);
 
-    ui::VerticalLayout main_layout;
-    window->set_main_widget(main_layout);
+    auto* main_layout = TRY(window->create_main_widget<ui::VerticalLayout>());
+    main_layout->set_layout_settings(ui::Margins { 0, 0, 20, 40 });
 
-    ui::Label title("About Luna");
-    title.set_font(ui::Font::default_bold_font());
+    auto* title = TRY(main_layout->add_child_widget<ui::Label>());
+    title->set_text("About Luna");
+    title->set_font(ui::Font::default_bold_font());
 
-    main_layout.add_widget(title);
-
-    ui::VerticalLayout version_info;
-    main_layout.add_widget(version_info);
-
-    ui::Label license("Licensed under the BSD-2-Clause license.");
-    main_layout.add_widget(license);
+    auto* version_info = TRY(main_layout->add_child_widget<ui::VerticalLayout>());
+    version_info->set_layout_settings(ui::Margins { 0, 0, 10, 10 });
 
+    auto* os_release = TRY(version_info->add_child_widget<ui::Label>());
     String os_release_text = TRY(String::format("OS release: %s"_sv, info.release));
-    ui::Label os_release(os_release_text.view());
-    version_info.add_widget(os_release);
+    os_release->set_text(os_release_text.view());
 
+    auto* kernel_version = TRY(version_info->add_child_widget<ui::Label>());
     String kernel_version_text = TRY(String::format("Kernel version: %s"_sv, info.version));
-    ui::Label kernel_version(kernel_version_text.view());
-    version_info.add_widget(kernel_version);
+    kernel_version->set_text(kernel_version_text.view());
+
+    auto* license = TRY(version_info->add_child_widget<ui::Label>());
+    license->set_text("Licensed under the BSD-2-Clause license.");
 
     return app.run();
 }
diff --git a/apps/clock.cpp b/apps/clock.cpp
index 9e307059..2afe4ec6 100644
--- a/apps/clock.cpp
+++ b/apps/clock.cpp
@@ -29,12 +29,12 @@ Result<int> luna_main(int, char**)
     window->set_title("Clock");
     window->set_background(ui::GRAY);
 
-    g_label = TRY(make<ui::Label>("00:00:00"));
+    g_label = TRY(window->create_main_widget<ui::Label>());
+
+    g_label->set_text("00:00:00");
     g_label->set_font(ui::Font::default_bold_font());
     g_label->set_color(ui::BLACK);
 
-    window->set_main_widget(*g_label);
-
     update_time();
 
     auto timer = TRY(os::Timer::create_repeating(1000, update_time));
diff --git a/apps/taskbar.cpp b/apps/taskbar.cpp
index 18f273a3..64793d8d 100644
--- a/apps/taskbar.cpp
+++ b/apps/taskbar.cpp
@@ -30,24 +30,19 @@ void sighup_handler(int)
     os::Process::exec(args[0], { args, 1 });
 }
 
-Result<void> create_widget_group_for_app(ui::HorizontalLayout& layout, StringView path, StringView icon)
+Result<void> create_widget_group_for_app(ui::HorizontalLayout* layout, StringView path, StringView icon)
 {
-    auto* button = TRY(make<ui::Button>(ui::Rect { 0, 0, 50, 50 }));
-    layout.add_widget(*button);
+    auto* button = TRY(layout->add_child_widget<ui::Button>());
 
-    auto* container = TRY(
-        make<ui::Container>(ui::Rect { 0, 0, 50, 50 }, ui::VerticalAlignment::Center, ui::HorizontalAlignment::Center));
-    button->set_widget(*container);
+    auto* container = TRY(button->create_child_widget<ui::Container>());
     button->set_action([=] {
         os::Launcher::LaunchDetachedRequest request;
         SET_IPC_STRING(request.command, path.chars());
         launcher_client->send_async(request);
     });
 
-    auto image = TRY(ui::ImageWidget::load(icon));
-    container->set_widget(*image);
-
-    image.leak();
+    auto image = TRY(container->create_child_widget<ui::ImageWidget>());
+    image->load(icon);
 
     return {};
 }
@@ -165,8 +160,8 @@ Result<int> luna_main(int, char**)
     window->set_background(TASKBAR_COLOR);
     window->set_special_attributes(ui::UNFOCUSEABLE);
 
-    ui::HorizontalLayout layout(ui::Margins { 0, 0, 0, 0 }, ui::AdjustHeight::Yes, ui::AdjustWidth::No);
-    window->set_main_widget(layout);
+    auto* layout = TRY(window->create_main_widget<ui::HorizontalLayout>());
+    layout->set_layout_settings(ui::Margins { 0, 0, 0, 0 }, ui::AdjustHeight::Yes, ui::AdjustWidth::No);
 
     load_app_files_from_path("/usr/share/applications/");
 
diff --git a/editor/EditorWidget.cpp b/editor/EditorWidget.cpp
index 52d2392f..510c184a 100644
--- a/editor/EditorWidget.cpp
+++ b/editor/EditorWidget.cpp
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@
 #include <os/FileSystem.h>
 #include <ui/App.h>
 
-EditorWidget::EditorWidget(SharedPtr<ui::Font> font) : ui::TextInput(), m_font(font)
+EditorWidget::EditorWidget(ui::Window* window, ui::Widget* parent)
+    : ui::TextInput(window, parent), m_font(ui::Font::default_font())
 {
     recalculate_lines();
 }
diff --git a/editor/EditorWidget.h b/editor/EditorWidget.h
index b824fbb6..b82cdd8c 100644
--- a/editor/EditorWidget.h
+++ b/editor/EditorWidget.h
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 class EditorWidget : public ui::TextInput
 {
   public:
-    EditorWidget(SharedPtr<ui::Font> font);
+    EditorWidget(ui::Window* window, ui::Widget* parent);
 
     Result<void> load_file(const os::Path& path);
 
@@ -31,6 +31,11 @@ class EditorWidget : public ui::TextInput
         return m_path;
     }
 
+    void set_font(SharedPtr<ui::Font> font)
+    {
+        m_font = font;
+    }
+
   private:
     SharedPtr<ui::Font> m_font;
 
diff --git a/editor/main.cpp b/editor/main.cpp
index e5e0acea..18f9f5a4 100644
--- a/editor/main.cpp
+++ b/editor/main.cpp
@@ -30,8 +30,7 @@ Result<int> luna_main(int argc, char** argv)
     window->set_title("Text Editor");
     app.set_main_window(window);
 
-    auto* editor = TRY(make<EditorWidget>(ui::Font::default_font()));
-    window->set_main_widget(*editor);
+    auto* editor = TRY(window->create_main_widget<EditorWidget>());
     if (!path.is_empty()) TRY(editor->load_file(path));
 
     TRY(window->add_keyboard_shortcut({ moon::K_CH26, ui::Mod_Ctrl }, true, [&](ui::Shortcut) {
@@ -41,7 +40,5 @@ Result<int> luna_main(int argc, char** argv)
             os::println("editor: buffer saved to %s successfully", editor->path().name().chars());
     }));
 
-    window->draw();
-
     return app.run();
 }
diff --git a/libui/include/ui/Button.h b/libui/include/ui/Button.h
index 38d5f512..01a0e337 100644
--- a/libui/include/ui/Button.h
+++ b/libui/include/ui/Button.h
@@ -9,16 +9,25 @@
 
 #pragma once
 #include <os/Action.h>
+#include <os/File.h>
 #include <ui/Widget.h>
+#include <ui/Window.h>
 
 namespace ui
 {
     class Button : public Widget
     {
       public:
-        Button(Rect rect);
+        Button(ui::Window* window, ui::Widget* parent);
+
+        template <typename T> Result<T*> create_child_widget()
+        {
+            auto* widget = TRY(make<T>(window(), this));
+            m_child = widget;
+            window()->recalculate_layout();
+            return widget;
+        }
 
-        void set_widget(Widget& widget);
         void set_action(os::Action&& action);
 
         Result<EventResult> handle_mouse_move(Point position) override;
@@ -28,10 +37,20 @@ namespace ui
         Result<EventResult> handle_key_event(const ui::KeyEventRequest& request) override;
         Result<void> draw(Canvas& canvas) override;
 
+        void recalculate_true_rects() override;
+        void recalculate_pseudo_rects() override;
+
+        void show_tree(int indent) override
+        {
+            os::println("%*s- ui::Button (%d,%d,%d,%d)", indent, "", m_rect.pos.x, m_rect.pos.y, m_rect.width,
+                        m_rect.height);
+            if (m_child) m_child->show_tree(indent + 1);
+        }
+
       private:
         bool m_hovered { false };
         bool m_clicked { false };
-        Widget* m_child;
+        Widget* m_child { nullptr };
         os::Action m_action;
     };
 }
diff --git a/libui/include/ui/Container.h b/libui/include/ui/Container.h
index 36337d67..3dc05a40 100644
--- a/libui/include/ui/Container.h
+++ b/libui/include/ui/Container.h
@@ -8,17 +8,31 @@
  */
 
 #pragma once
+#include <os/File.h>
 #include <ui/Alignment.h>
 #include <ui/Widget.h>
+#include <ui/Window.h>
 
 namespace ui
 {
     class Container : public Widget
     {
       public:
-        Container(Rect rect, VerticalAlignment valign, HorizontalAlignment halign);
+        Container(ui::Window* window, ui::Widget* parent);
 
-        void set_widget(Widget& widget);
+        void set_container_settings(VerticalAlignment valign, HorizontalAlignment halign)
+        {
+            m_valign = valign;
+            m_halign = halign;
+        }
+
+        template <typename T> Result<T*> create_child_widget()
+        {
+            auto* widget = TRY(make<T>(window(), this));
+            m_widget = widget;
+            window()->recalculate_layout();
+            return widget;
+        }
 
         Result<EventResult> handle_mouse_move(Point position) override;
         Result<EventResult> handle_mouse_leave() override;
@@ -27,9 +41,19 @@ namespace ui
         Result<EventResult> handle_key_event(const ui::KeyEventRequest& request) override;
         Result<void> draw(Canvas& canvas) override;
 
+        void recalculate_true_rects() override;
+        void recalculate_pseudo_rects() override;
+
+        void show_tree(int indent) override
+        {
+            os::println("%*s- ui::Container (%d,%d,%d,%d)", indent, "", m_rect.pos.x, m_rect.pos.y, m_rect.width,
+                        m_rect.height);
+            if (m_widget) m_widget->show_tree(indent + 1);
+        }
+
       private:
-        Widget* m_widget;
-        VerticalAlignment m_valign;
-        HorizontalAlignment m_halign;
+        Widget* m_widget { nullptr };
+        VerticalAlignment m_valign = VerticalAlignment::Center;
+        HorizontalAlignment m_halign = HorizontalAlignment::Center;
     };
 }
diff --git a/libui/include/ui/Image.h b/libui/include/ui/Image.h
index cbcc5485..22939225 100644
--- a/libui/include/ui/Image.h
+++ b/libui/include/ui/Image.h
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #pragma once
 #include <luna/Buffer.h>
 #include <luna/SharedPtr.h>
+#include <os/File.h>
 #include <os/Path.h>
 #include <ui/Widget.h>
 
@@ -82,10 +83,20 @@ namespace ui
     class ImageWidget final : public Widget
     {
       public:
-        static Result<OwnedPtr<ImageWidget>> load(const os::Path& path);
+        ImageWidget(ui::Window* window, ui::Widget* parent);
+
+        Result<void> load(const os::Path& path);
 
         Result<void> draw(Canvas& canvas) override;
 
+        void recalculate_pseudo_rects() override;
+
+        void show_tree(int indent) override
+        {
+            os::println("%*s- ui::Image %dx%d (%d,%d,%d,%d)", indent, "", m_image->width(), m_image->height(),
+                        m_rect.pos.x, m_rect.pos.y, m_rect.width, m_rect.height);
+        }
+
       private:
         SharedPtr<Image> m_image;
     };
diff --git a/libui/include/ui/InputField.h b/libui/include/ui/InputField.h
index bd3bab56..6ee94fd6 100644
--- a/libui/include/ui/InputField.h
+++ b/libui/include/ui/InputField.h
@@ -17,7 +17,12 @@ namespace ui
     class InputField : public ui::TextInput
     {
       public:
-        InputField(SharedPtr<ui::Font> font);
+        InputField(Window* window, Widget* parent);
+
+        void set_font(SharedPtr<ui::Font> font)
+        {
+            m_font = font;
+        }
 
         Result<ui::EventResult> handle_key_event(const ui::KeyEventRequest& request) override;
 
diff --git a/libui/include/ui/Label.h b/libui/include/ui/Label.h
index 0de287ab..f30fb838 100644
--- a/libui/include/ui/Label.h
+++ b/libui/include/ui/Label.h
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
  */
 
 #pragma once
+#include <os/File.h>
 #include <ui/Alignment.h>
 #include <ui/Font.h>
 #include <ui/Widget.h>
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ namespace ui
     class Label final : public Widget
     {
       public:
-        Label(StringView text);
+        Label(Window* window, Widget* parent);
 
         void set_alignment(VerticalAlignment valign, HorizontalAlignment halign)
         {
@@ -47,6 +48,14 @@ namespace ui
 
         Result<void> draw(Canvas& canvas) override;
 
+        void recalculate_pseudo_rects() override;
+
+        void show_tree(int indent) override
+        {
+            os::println("%*s- ui::Label '%s' (%d,%d,%d,%d)", indent, "", m_text.chars(), m_rect.pos.x, m_rect.pos.y,
+                        m_rect.width, m_rect.height);
+        }
+
       private:
         StringView m_text;
         VerticalAlignment m_valign = VerticalAlignment::Center;
diff --git a/libui/include/ui/Layout.h b/libui/include/ui/Layout.h
index f405993e..7bd2c46b 100644
--- a/libui/include/ui/Layout.h
+++ b/libui/include/ui/Layout.h
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 #include <luna/Vector.h>
+#include <os/File.h>
 #include <ui/Widget.h>
 
 namespace ui
@@ -36,8 +37,16 @@ namespace ui
     class HorizontalLayout final : public Widget
     {
       public:
-        HorizontalLayout(Margins margins = Margins { 0, 0, 0, 0 }, AdjustHeight adjust_height = AdjustHeight::Yes,
-                         AdjustWidth adjust_width = AdjustWidth::Yes);
+        HorizontalLayout(ui::Window* window, ui::Widget* parent);
+
+        void set_layout_settings(Margins margins = Margins { 0, 0, 0, 0 },
+                                 AdjustHeight adjust_height = AdjustHeight::Yes,
+                                 AdjustWidth adjust_width = AdjustWidth::No)
+        {
+            m_margins = margins;
+            m_adjust_height = adjust_height;
+            m_adjust_width = adjust_width;
+        }
 
         Result<EventResult> handle_mouse_move(Point position) override;
         Result<EventResult> handle_mouse_leave() override;
@@ -47,21 +56,46 @@ namespace ui
 
         Result<void> draw(Canvas& canvas) override;
 
-        Result<void> add_widget(Widget& widget);
+        template <typename T> Result<T*> add_child_widget()
+        {
+            auto* widget = TRY(make<T>(window(), this));
+            add_widget(*widget);
+            return widget;
+        }
+
+        void recalculate_pseudo_rects() override;
+        void recalculate_true_rects() override;
+
+        void show_tree(int indent) override
+        {
+            os::println("%*s- ui::HorizontalLayout [%zu widgets] (%d,%d,%d,%d)", indent, "", m_widgets.size(),
+                        m_rect.pos.x, m_rect.pos.y, m_rect.width, m_rect.height);
+            for (auto* w : m_widgets) { w->show_tree(indent + 1); }
+        }
 
       private:
         Vector<Widget*> m_widgets;
-        Margins m_margins;
-        AdjustHeight m_adjust_height;
-        AdjustWidth m_adjust_width;
+        Margins m_margins { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
+        AdjustHeight m_adjust_height = AdjustHeight::Yes;
+        AdjustWidth m_adjust_width = AdjustWidth::No;
         int m_used_width { 0 };
+
+        Result<void> add_widget(Widget& widget);
     };
 
     class VerticalLayout final : public Widget
     {
       public:
-        VerticalLayout(Margins margins = Margins { 0, 0, 0, 0 }, AdjustHeight adjust_height = AdjustHeight::Yes,
-                       AdjustWidth adjust_width = AdjustWidth::Yes);
+        VerticalLayout(ui::Window* window, ui::Widget* parent);
+
+        void set_layout_settings(Margins margins = Margins { 0, 0, 0, 0 },
+                                 AdjustHeight adjust_height = AdjustHeight::No,
+                                 AdjustWidth adjust_width = AdjustWidth::Yes)
+        {
+            m_margins = margins;
+            m_adjust_height = adjust_height;
+            m_adjust_width = adjust_width;
+        }
 
         Result<EventResult> handle_mouse_move(Point position) override;
         Result<EventResult> handle_mouse_leave() override;
@@ -71,13 +105,30 @@ namespace ui
 
         Result<void> draw(Canvas& canvas) override;
 
-        Result<void> add_widget(Widget& widget);
+        template <typename T> Result<T*> add_child_widget()
+        {
+            auto* widget = TRY(make<T>(window(), this));
+            add_widget(*widget);
+            return widget;
+        }
+
+        void recalculate_pseudo_rects() override;
+        void recalculate_true_rects() override;
+
+        void show_tree(int indent) override
+        {
+            os::println("%*s- ui::VerticalLayout [%zu widgets] (%d,%d,%d,%d)", indent, "", m_widgets.size(),
+                        m_rect.pos.x, m_rect.pos.y, m_rect.width, m_rect.height);
+            for (auto* w : m_widgets) { w->show_tree(indent + 1); }
+        }
 
       private:
         Vector<Widget*> m_widgets;
-        Margins m_margins;
-        AdjustHeight m_adjust_height;
-        AdjustWidth m_adjust_width;
+        Margins m_margins { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
+        AdjustHeight m_adjust_height = AdjustHeight::No;
+        AdjustWidth m_adjust_width = AdjustWidth::Yes;
         int m_used_height { 0 };
+
+        Result<void> add_widget(Widget& widget);
     };
 }
diff --git a/libui/include/ui/TextInput.h b/libui/include/ui/TextInput.h
index 6d38b3a7..39f292c8 100644
--- a/libui/include/ui/TextInput.h
+++ b/libui/include/ui/TextInput.h
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 #include <luna/Buffer.h>
+#include <os/File.h>
 #include <os/Timer.h>
 #include <ui/Widget.h>
 
@@ -17,12 +18,18 @@ namespace ui
     class TextInput : public Widget
     {
       public:
-        TextInput();
+        TextInput(Window* window, Widget* parent);
 
         virtual Result<ui::EventResult> handle_key_event(const ui::KeyEventRequest& request) = 0;
 
         virtual Result<void> draw(ui::Canvas& canvas) = 0;
 
+        void show_tree(int indent) override
+        {
+            os::println("%*s- ui::TextInput (%d,%d,%d,%d)", indent, "", m_rect.pos.x, m_rect.pos.y, m_rect.width,
+                        m_rect.height);
+        }
+
       protected:
         Buffer m_data;
 
diff --git a/libui/include/ui/Widget.h b/libui/include/ui/Widget.h
index ea690f6e..bdba68d3 100644
--- a/libui/include/ui/Widget.h
+++ b/libui/include/ui/Widget.h
@@ -28,6 +28,10 @@ namespace ui
     class Widget
     {
       public:
+        Widget(Window* window, Widget* parent) : m_window(window), m_parent(parent)
+        {
+        }
+
         virtual Result<EventResult> handle_mouse_move(Point position)
         {
             ignore(position);
@@ -59,16 +63,14 @@ namespace ui
 
         virtual Result<void> draw(Canvas& canvas);
 
-        void set_window(Window* window, Rect rect, Badge<Window>)
+        void set_rect(Rect rect, Badge<Window>)
         {
-            m_window = window;
             m_rect = rect;
         }
 
-        void set_parent(Widget* parent)
+        void resize(Rect rect)
         {
-            m_parent = parent;
-            m_window = parent->m_window;
+            m_preferred_rect = rect;
         }
 
         Widget* parent()
@@ -86,9 +88,36 @@ namespace ui
             return m_rect;
         }
 
+        Rect pseudo_rect()
+        {
+            return m_pseudo_rect;
+        }
+
+        Rect preferred_rect()
+        {
+            return m_preferred_rect.value_or({ 0, 0, 50, 50 });
+        }
+
+        virtual void recalculate_pseudo_rects()
+        {
+            m_pseudo_rect = preferred_rect();
+            return;
+        }
+
+        virtual void recalculate_true_rects()
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        virtual void show_tree(int indent) = 0;
+
       protected:
-        Widget* m_parent { nullptr };
         Window* m_window;
+        Widget* m_parent { nullptr };
+
+        Option<Rect> m_preferred_rect;
+
+        Rect m_pseudo_rect;
         Rect m_rect { 0, 0, 50, 50 };
     };
 }
diff --git a/libui/include/ui/Window.h b/libui/include/ui/Window.h
index 83d4f00f..c269f65e 100644
--- a/libui/include/ui/Window.h
+++ b/libui/include/ui/Window.h
@@ -8,9 +8,12 @@
  */
 
 #pragma once
+#include <luna/Alloc.h>
+#include <luna/HashMap.h>
 #include <luna/OwnedPtr.h>
 #include <luna/String.h>
 #include <luna/StringView.h>
+#include <os/File.h>
 #include <ui/Canvas.h>
 #include <ui/Mouse.h>
 #include <ui/Rect.h>
@@ -49,11 +52,13 @@ namespace ui
             m_background = color;
         }
 
-        void set_main_widget(Widget& widget)
+        template <typename T> Result<T*> create_main_widget()
         {
             check(!m_main_widget);
-            widget.set_window(this, m_window_canvas.rect(), {});
-            m_main_widget = &widget;
+            auto* widget = TRY(make<T>(this, nullptr));
+            m_main_widget = widget;
+            widget->set_rect(m_window_canvas.rect(), {});
+            return widget;
         }
 
         Canvas& canvas()
@@ -75,11 +80,25 @@ namespace ui
 
         Result<void> add_keyboard_shortcut(ui::Shortcut shortcut, bool intercept, os::Function<ui::Shortcut>&& action);
 
+        void recalculate_layout()
+        {
+            check(m_main_widget);
+            m_main_widget->recalculate_pseudo_rects();
+            m_main_widget->recalculate_true_rects();
+        }
+
         int id() const
         {
             return m_id;
         }
 
+        void show_tree()
+        {
+            os::println("- ui::Window %d (%d,%d,%d,%d)", m_id, m_canvas.rect().pos.x, m_canvas.rect().pos.y,
+                        m_canvas.rect().width, m_canvas.rect().height);
+            m_main_widget->show_tree(1);
+        }
+
         ~Window();
 
       private:
diff --git a/libui/src/Button.cpp b/libui/src/Button.cpp
index 14e5ceb1..a9dfa2bf 100644
--- a/libui/src/Button.cpp
+++ b/libui/src/Button.cpp
@@ -12,16 +12,26 @@
 
 namespace ui
 {
-    Button::Button(Rect rect)
+    Button::Button(Window* window, Widget* parent) : ui::Widget(window, parent)
     {
-        m_rect = rect;
     }
 
-    void Button::set_widget(Widget& widget)
+    void Button::recalculate_true_rects()
     {
-        widget.rect() = m_rect;
-        m_child = &widget;
-        widget.set_parent(this);
+        if (!m_child) return;
+        m_child->rect() = m_rect;
+        m_child->recalculate_true_rects();
+    }
+
+    void Button::recalculate_pseudo_rects()
+    {
+        if (m_child)
+        {
+            m_child->recalculate_pseudo_rects();
+            m_pseudo_rect = m_child->pseudo_rect();
+        }
+
+        if (m_preferred_rect.has_value()) m_pseudo_rect = m_preferred_rect.value();
     }
 
     void Button::set_action(os::Action&& action)
diff --git a/libui/src/Container.cpp b/libui/src/Container.cpp
index 9b4fb07f..a8b90f8b 100644
--- a/libui/src/Container.cpp
+++ b/libui/src/Container.cpp
@@ -11,17 +11,22 @@
 
 namespace ui
 {
-    Container::Container(Rect rect, VerticalAlignment valign, HorizontalAlignment halign)
-        : m_valign(valign), m_halign(halign)
+    Container::Container(Window* window, Widget* parent) : ui::Widget(window, parent)
     {
-        m_rect = rect;
     }
 
-    void Container::set_widget(Widget& widget)
+    void Container::recalculate_true_rects()
     {
-        m_widget = &widget;
-        widget.rect() = ui::align(m_rect, widget.rect(), m_valign, m_halign);
-        widget.set_parent(this);
+        if (!m_widget) return;
+        m_widget->rect() = ui::align(m_rect, m_widget->pseudo_rect(), m_valign, m_halign);
+        m_widget->recalculate_true_rects();
+    }
+
+    void Container::recalculate_pseudo_rects()
+    {
+        if (m_widget) m_widget->recalculate_pseudo_rects();
+
+        m_pseudo_rect = preferred_rect();
     }
 
     Result<EventResult> Container::handle_mouse_move(Point position)
diff --git a/libui/src/Image.cpp b/libui/src/Image.cpp
index f8b9d7f3..140f33ed 100644
--- a/libui/src/Image.cpp
+++ b/libui/src/Image.cpp
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include <os/File.h>
 #include <ui/Alignment.h>
 #include <ui/Image.h>
+#include <ui/Window.h>
 
 namespace ui
 {
@@ -32,17 +33,28 @@ namespace ui
         return image;
     }
 
-    Result<OwnedPtr<ImageWidget>> ImageWidget::load(const os::Path& path)
+    ImageWidget::ImageWidget(Window* window, Widget* parent) : ui::Widget(window, parent)
     {
-        auto widget = TRY(make_owned<ImageWidget>());
-        widget->m_image = TRY(Image::load(path));
-        widget->m_rect = { 0, 0, widget->m_image->width(), widget->m_image->height() };
-        return widget;
+    }
+
+    Result<void> ImageWidget::load(const os::Path& path)
+    {
+        m_image = TRY(Image::load(path));
+        window()->recalculate_layout();
+        return {};
     }
 
     Result<void> ImageWidget::draw(Canvas& canvas)
     {
+        if (!m_image) return;
         canvas.subcanvas({ 0, 0, m_image->width(), m_image->height() }).fill(m_image->pixels(), m_image->width());
         return {};
     }
+
+    void ImageWidget::recalculate_pseudo_rects()
+    {
+        if (m_preferred_rect.has_value()) m_pseudo_rect = m_preferred_rect.value();
+
+        if (m_image) m_pseudo_rect = ui::Rect { 0, 0, m_image->width(), m_image->height() };
+    }
 }
diff --git a/libui/src/InputField.cpp b/libui/src/InputField.cpp
index a1e00eeb..602733b1 100644
--- a/libui/src/InputField.cpp
+++ b/libui/src/InputField.cpp
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@
 
 namespace ui
 {
-    InputField::InputField(SharedPtr<ui::Font> font) : ui::TextInput(), m_font(font)
+    InputField::InputField(Window* window, Widget* parent)
+        : ui::TextInput(window, parent), m_font(ui::Font::default_font())
     {
     }
 
diff --git a/libui/src/Label.cpp b/libui/src/Label.cpp
index 8dacb8fa..9b34489d 100644
--- a/libui/src/Label.cpp
+++ b/libui/src/Label.cpp
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 
 namespace ui
 {
-    Label::Label(StringView text) : m_text(text)
+    Label::Label(Window* window, Widget* parent) : Widget(window, parent), m_text()
     {
         m_font = ui::Font::default_font();
     }
@@ -33,4 +33,14 @@ namespace ui
         m_font->render(buf, m_color, subcanvas);
         return {};
     }
+
+    void Label::recalculate_pseudo_rects()
+    {
+        if (m_preferred_rect.has_value()) m_pseudo_rect = m_preferred_rect.value();
+
+        int height = m_font->height();
+        int width = m_font->width() * (int)m_text.length();
+
+        m_pseudo_rect = { 0, 0, width, height };
+    }
 }
diff --git a/libui/src/Layout.cpp b/libui/src/Layout.cpp
index 5afefc99..b664847b 100644
--- a/libui/src/Layout.cpp
+++ b/libui/src/Layout.cpp
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@
 
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <ui/Layout.h>
+#include <ui/Window.h>
 
 namespace ui
 {
-    HorizontalLayout::HorizontalLayout(Margins margins, AdjustHeight adjust_height, AdjustWidth adjust_width)
-        : m_margins(margins), m_adjust_height(adjust_height), m_adjust_width(adjust_width)
+    HorizontalLayout::HorizontalLayout(Window* window, Widget* parent) : ui::Widget(window, parent)
     {
     }
 
@@ -93,38 +93,85 @@ namespace ui
     {
         TRY(m_widgets.try_append(&widget));
 
-        if (m_adjust_width == AdjustWidth::No)
+        window()->recalculate_layout();
+
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    void HorizontalLayout::recalculate_pseudo_rects()
+    {
+        int min_height = 0;
+        int width = 0;
+
+        for (auto w : m_widgets)
         {
-            widget.rect().pos.x = m_rect.pos.x + m_used_width + m_margins.left;
-            m_used_width += m_margins.left + widget.rect().width + m_margins.right;
+            w->recalculate_pseudo_rects();
+            if (w->pseudo_rect().height > min_height) min_height = w->pseudo_rect().height;
+            width += (m_margins.left + w->pseudo_rect().width + m_margins.right);
         }
-        else
+
+        min_height += (m_margins.top + m_margins.bottom);
+
+        m_pseudo_rect = { 0, 0, width, min_height };
+
+        if (m_preferred_rect.has_value()) m_pseudo_rect = m_preferred_rect.value();
+    }
+
+    void HorizontalLayout::recalculate_true_rects()
+    {
+        if (m_adjust_width == AdjustWidth::Yes)
         {
             int used_width = 0;
             div_t result = div(m_rect.width, (int)m_widgets.size());
             for (auto w : m_widgets)
             {
                 w->rect().pos.x = m_rect.pos.x + used_width + m_margins.left;
+                w->rect().pos.y = m_rect.pos.y + m_margins.top;
                 w->rect().width = result.quot - (m_margins.left + m_margins.right);
+
+                if (m_adjust_height == AdjustHeight::Yes)
+                {
+                    w->rect().height = m_rect.height - (m_margins.top + m_margins.bottom);
+                }
+                else
+                    w->rect().height = w->pseudo_rect().height;
+
                 used_width += result.quot;
+
+                w->recalculate_true_rects();
+            }
+
+            if (result.rem != 0 && m_widgets.size())
+            {
+                auto* last = m_widgets[m_widgets.size() - 1];
+                last->rect().width += result.rem;
+                last->recalculate_true_rects();
             }
-            m_widgets[m_widgets.size() - 1]->rect().width += result.rem;
         }
-
-        widget.rect().pos.y = m_rect.pos.y + m_margins.top;
-
-        if (m_adjust_height == AdjustHeight::Yes)
+        else
         {
-            widget.rect().height = m_rect.height - (m_margins.top + m_margins.bottom);
+            int used_width = 0;
+            for (auto w : m_widgets)
+            {
+                w->rect() = w->pseudo_rect();
+                w->rect().pos.x = m_rect.pos.x + used_width + m_margins.left;
+                w->rect().pos.y = m_rect.pos.y + m_margins.top;
+
+                if (m_adjust_height == AdjustHeight::Yes)
+                {
+                    w->rect().height = m_rect.height - (m_margins.top + m_margins.bottom);
+                }
+                else
+                    w->rect().height = w->pseudo_rect().height;
+
+                used_width += (m_margins.left + m_margins.right + w->rect().width);
+
+                w->recalculate_true_rects();
+            }
         }
-
-        widget.set_parent(this);
-
-        return {};
     }
 
-    VerticalLayout::VerticalLayout(Margins margins, AdjustHeight adjust_height, AdjustWidth adjust_width)
-        : m_margins(margins), m_adjust_height(adjust_height), m_adjust_width(adjust_width)
+    VerticalLayout::VerticalLayout(Window* window, Widget* parent) : ui::Widget(window, parent)
     {
     }
 
@@ -200,36 +247,84 @@ namespace ui
         return {};
     }
 
-    Result<void> VerticalLayout::add_widget(Widget& widget)
+    void VerticalLayout::recalculate_pseudo_rects()
     {
-        TRY(m_widgets.try_append(&widget));
+        int min_width = 0;
+        int height = 0;
 
-        if (m_adjust_height == AdjustHeight::No)
+        for (auto w : m_widgets)
         {
-            widget.rect().pos.y = m_rect.pos.y + m_used_height + m_margins.top;
-            m_used_height += m_margins.top + widget.rect().height + m_margins.bottom;
+            w->recalculate_pseudo_rects();
+            if (w->pseudo_rect().width > min_width) min_width = w->pseudo_rect().width;
+            height += (m_margins.top + w->pseudo_rect().height + m_margins.bottom);
         }
-        else
+
+        min_width += (m_margins.left + m_margins.right);
+
+        m_pseudo_rect = { 0, 0, min_width, height };
+
+        if (m_preferred_rect.has_value()) m_pseudo_rect = m_preferred_rect.value();
+    }
+
+    void VerticalLayout::recalculate_true_rects()
+    {
+        if (m_adjust_height == AdjustHeight::Yes)
         {
             int used_height = 0;
             div_t result = div(m_rect.height, (int)m_widgets.size());
             for (auto w : m_widgets)
             {
                 w->rect().pos.y = m_rect.pos.y + used_height + m_margins.top;
+                w->rect().pos.x = m_rect.pos.x + m_margins.left;
                 w->rect().height = result.quot - (m_margins.top + m_margins.bottom);
+
+                if (m_adjust_width == AdjustWidth::Yes)
+                {
+                    w->rect().width = m_rect.width - (m_margins.left + m_margins.right);
+                }
+                else
+                    w->rect().width = w->pseudo_rect().width;
+
                 used_height += result.quot;
+
+                w->recalculate_true_rects();
+            }
+
+            if (result.rem != 0 && m_widgets.size())
+            {
+                auto* last = m_widgets[m_widgets.size() - 1];
+                last->rect().height += result.rem;
+                last->recalculate_true_rects();
             }
-            m_widgets[m_widgets.size() - 1]->rect().height += result.rem;
         }
-
-        widget.rect().pos.x = m_rect.pos.x + m_margins.left;
-
-        if (m_adjust_width == AdjustWidth::Yes)
+        else
         {
-            widget.rect().width = m_rect.width - (m_margins.left + m_margins.right);
-        }
+            int used_height = 0;
+            for (auto w : m_widgets)
+            {
+                w->rect() = w->pseudo_rect();
+                w->rect().pos.y = m_rect.pos.y + used_height + m_margins.top;
+                w->rect().pos.x = m_rect.pos.x + m_margins.left;
 
-        widget.set_parent(this);
+                if (m_adjust_width == AdjustWidth::Yes)
+                {
+                    w->rect().width = m_rect.width - (m_margins.left + m_margins.right);
+                }
+                else
+                    w->rect().width = w->pseudo_rect().width;
+
+                used_height += (m_margins.top + m_margins.bottom + w->rect().height);
+
+                w->recalculate_true_rects();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    Result<void> VerticalLayout::add_widget(Widget& widget)
+    {
+        TRY(m_widgets.try_append(&widget));
+
+        window()->recalculate_layout();
 
         return {};
     }
diff --git a/libui/src/TextInput.cpp b/libui/src/TextInput.cpp
index 0e47a84a..eb5493f4 100644
--- a/libui/src/TextInput.cpp
+++ b/libui/src/TextInput.cpp
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 
 namespace ui
 {
-    TextInput::TextInput() : Widget()
+    TextInput::TextInput(Window* window, Widget* parent) : Widget(window, parent)
     {
         m_cursor_timer = os::Timer::create_repeating(500, [this]() { this->tick_cursor(); }).release_value();
     }
diff --git a/terminal/TerminalWidget.cpp b/terminal/TerminalWidget.cpp
index 11db8b85..c6b48af8 100644
--- a/terminal/TerminalWidget.cpp
+++ b/terminal/TerminalWidget.cpp
@@ -35,6 +35,10 @@ static void sigchld_handler(int)
     ui::App::the().set_should_close(true);
 }
 
+TerminalWidget::TerminalWidget(ui::Window* window, ui::Widget* parent) : ui::Widget(window, parent)
+{
+}
+
 Result<void> TerminalWidget::init(char* const* args)
 {
     m_font = ui::Font::default_font();
diff --git a/terminal/TerminalWidget.h b/terminal/TerminalWidget.h
index 375fb74e..6ad80e9f 100644
--- a/terminal/TerminalWidget.h
+++ b/terminal/TerminalWidget.h
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #include <luna/EscapeSequence.h>
 #include <luna/Utf8.h>
 #include <luna/Vector.h>
+#include <os/File.h>
 #include <os/Timer.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <termios.h>
@@ -11,12 +12,20 @@
 class TerminalWidget : public ui::Widget
 {
   public:
+    TerminalWidget(ui::Window* window, ui::Widget* parent);
+
     Result<void> init(char* const* args);
 
     Result<ui::EventResult> handle_key_event(const ui::KeyEventRequest& request) override;
 
     Result<void> draw(ui::Canvas& canvas) override;
 
+    void show_tree(int indent) override
+    {
+        os::println("%*s- TerminalWidget (%d,%d,%d,%d)", indent, "", m_rect.pos.x, m_rect.pos.y, m_rect.width,
+                    m_rect.height);
+    }
+
   private:
     ui::Canvas m_terminal_canvas;
     Vector<u8> m_line_buffer;
diff --git a/terminal/main.cpp b/terminal/main.cpp
index 2006d9f5..208b4a59 100644
--- a/terminal/main.cpp
+++ b/terminal/main.cpp
@@ -12,13 +12,10 @@ Result<int> luna_main(int, char**)
     app.set_main_window(window);
     window->set_title("Terminal");
 
-    TerminalWidget terminal;
-    window->set_main_widget(terminal);
+    auto* terminal = TRY(window->create_main_widget<TerminalWidget>());
 
     char* args[] = { "/bin/sh", nullptr };
-    TRY(terminal.init(args));
-
-    window->draw();
+    TRY(terminal->init(args));
 
     return app.run();
 }