kernel+libc: Start interfacing with the VFS from userspace (open & close)

This commit adds open and close syscalls to the kernel, and adds matching wrappers to libc.

No read/write support, so file descriptors are kind of useless for now.

apps/app.c

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
+#include <fcntl.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 
 void bye()
 {
@@ -12,13 +14,14 @@ int main()
     atexit(bye);
     printf("Welcome to %s from userspace!\n", "Luna");
 
-    char* address = (char*)malloc(1);
-    printf("address: %p\n", address);
-    printf("memory at address: %c\n", *address);
-    *address = 'e';
-    printf("memory at address: %c\n", *address);
+    int fd = open("/etc/motd", 0);
+    if (fd < 0)
+    {
+        perror("open");
+        return 1;
+    }
 
-    free(address);
+    close(fd);
 
     time_t now = time(NULL);
     printf("date: %s", ctime(&now));

initrd/etc/motd

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+G'day mate!

kernel/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ set(SOURCES
     src/sys/clock_gettime.cpp
     src/sys/allocate_memory.cpp
     src/sys/usleep.cpp
+    src/sys/open.cpp
     src/fs/VFS.cpp
     src/fs/tmpfs/FileSystem.cpp
     src/InitRD.cpp

kernel/src/sys/open.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#include "Log.h"
+#include "fs/VFS.h"
+#include "memory/MemoryManager.h"
+#include "sys/Syscall.h"
+#include "thread/Scheduler.h"
+
+Result<u64> sys_open(Registers*, SyscallArgs args)
+{
+    u64 path_address = args[0];
+    if (!MemoryManager::validate_userspace_string(path_address)) return err(EFAULT);
+
+    const char* path = (const char*)path_address;
+    int flags = (int)args[1];
+
+    Thread* current = Scheduler::current();
+
+    kinfoln("open: trying to open file %s, flags %d", path, flags);
+
+    auto inode = TRY(VFS::resolve_path(path));
+
+    int fd = TRY(current->allocate_fd(0));
+
+    current->fd_table->fds[fd] = FileDescriptor { inode, 0, flags };
+
+    kinfoln("open: allocated file descriptor %d for inode %zu", fd, inode->inode_number());
+
+    return (u64)fd;
+}
+
+Result<u64> sys_close(Registers*, SyscallArgs args)
+{
+    int fd = (int)args[0];
+    if (fd < 0 || fd >= FD_MAX) return err(EBADF);
+
+    Thread* current = Scheduler::current();
+
+    if (!current->fd_table->fds[fd].has_value()) return err(EBADF);
+
+    kinfoln("close: closing file descriptor %d (was referencing inode %zu)", fd,
+            current->fd_table->fds[fd]->inode->inode_number());
+
+    current->fd_table->fds[fd] = {};
+
+    return 0;
+}

kernel/src/thread/Scheduler.cpp

@@ -151,6 +151,8 @@ namespace Scheduler
         guard.deactivate();
         directory_guard.deactivate();
 
+        thread->fd_table = FileDescriptorTable {};
+
         kinfoln("Created userspace thread: id %lu with ip %#.16lx and sp %#.16lx (ksp %#lx)", thread->id, thread->ip(),
                 thread->sp(), thread->kernel_stack.top());
 

kernel/src/thread/Thread.cpp

@@ -19,3 +19,16 @@ Result<Thread*> new_thread()
 
     return thread;
 }
+
+Result<int> Thread::allocate_fd(int min)
+{
+    if (min < 0 || min >= FD_MAX) return err(EINVAL);
+    for (int i = min; i < FD_MAX; i++)
+    {
+        // FIXME: Possible race condition if multiple threads share a FileDescriptorTable? Let's not worry about it for
+        // now, we're still a long way away from reaching that point.
+        if (!fd_table->fds[i].has_value()) { return i; }
+    }
+
+    return err(EMFILE);
+}

kernel/src/thread/Thread.h

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "arch/MMU.h"
+#include "fs/VFS.h"
 #include "memory/UserVM.h"
 #include <luna/LinkedList.h>
 #include <luna/OwnedPtr.h>
@@ -21,6 +22,20 @@ enum class ThreadState
     Dying
 };
 
+struct FileDescriptor
+{
+    SharedPtr<VFS::Inode> inode;
+    usize offset { 0 };
+    int flags { 0 };
+};
+
+static constexpr int FD_MAX = 64;
+
+struct FileDescriptorTable
+{
+    Option<FileDescriptor> fds[FD_MAX] = {};
+};
+
 struct Thread : public LinkedListNode<Thread>
 {
     Registers regs;
@@ -38,6 +53,9 @@ struct Thread : public LinkedListNode<Thread>
     Stack kernel_stack;
 
     OwnedPtr<UserVM> vm_allocator;
+    Option<FileDescriptorTable> fd_table;
+
+    Result<int> allocate_fd(int min);
 
     FPData fp_data;
 

libc/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ set(SOURCES
     src/unistd.cpp
     src/errno.cpp
     src/string.cpp
+    src/fcntl.cpp
     src/assert.cpp
     src/atexit.cpp
     src/ctype.cpp

libc/include/fcntl.h

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/* fcntl.h: File control. */
+
+#ifndef _FCNTL_H
+#define _FCNTL_H
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif
+
+    /* Open a file path and return a file descriptor to it. */
+    int open(const char* path, int flags);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif

libc/include/unistd.h

@@ -30,6 +30,9 @@ extern "C"
     /* Sleeps for X seconds. */
     unsigned long sleep(unsigned long seconds);
 
+    /* Closes a file descriptor. */
+    int close(int fd);
+
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }
 #endif

libc/src/fcntl.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#include <bits/errno-return.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <sys/syscall.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+extern "C"
+{
+    int open(const char* path, int flags)
+    {
+        long rc = syscall(SYS_open, path, flags);
+        __errno_return(rc, int);
+    }
+}

libc/src/unistd.cpp

@@ -37,4 +37,10 @@ extern "C"
         syscall(SYS_usleep, seconds * 1000000);
         return 0;
     }
+
+    int close(int fd)
+    {
+        long rc = syscall(SYS_close, fd);
+        __errno_return(rc, int);
+    }
 }

libluna/include/luna/Syscall.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #define enumerate_syscalls(_e)                                                                                         \
-    _e(exit) _e(console_write) _e(clock_gettime) _e(allocate_memory) _e(deallocate_memory) _e(usleep)
+    _e(exit) _e(console_write) _e(clock_gettime) _e(allocate_memory) _e(deallocate_memory) _e(usleep) _e(open) _e(close)
 
 enum Syscalls
 {